Zavicefta Injection

What is the Zavicefta Injection?

Zavicefta Injection is a combination medicine that consists of two main drugs- Ceftazidime and Avibactum. This formulation is mainly used in the treatment of difficult-to-treat bacteria. Officially, it is indicated for the treatment of certain bacterial infections. 

What are the Uses of Zavicefta Injection?

What are the Dosage Guidelines for Zavicefta Injection?

Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections (cIAI)

• Recommended dose:
• This drug must be used in combination with metronidazole
• 2.5 g of Zavicefta Injection (2 g Ceftazidime + 0.5 g Avibactam) IV every 8 hours infused over 2 hours
• Maximum dose limit:
• 7.5 g of Zavicefta Injection in one day (in patients with normal renal function)
• Missed dose instructions: 
• If the patient misses a Zavicefta Injection dose, generally, they can take the next scheduled dose at the clinical centre.
• Overdose instructions 
• In case of an overdose, they must immediately report to their medical care provider. If any unusual symptoms occur, emergency care is required.

Complicated Urinary Tract Infections (cUTI), including Pyelonephritis

• Recommended dose:
• 2.5 g of Zavicefta Injection given via IV every 8 hours, infused over 2 hours.
• Maximum dose limit:
• 7.5 g of Zavicefta Injection in one day (in patients with normal renal function)
• Missed dose instructions: 
• If the patient misses a Zavicefta Injection dose, generally, they can take the next scheduled dose at the clinical centre.
• Overdose instructions 
• In case of an overdose, they must immediately report to their medical care provider. If any unusual symptoms occur, emergency care is required.

Hospital-acquired Pneumonia (HAP) / Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP)

• Recommended dose:
• 2.5 g of Zavicefta Injection given via IV every 8 hours, infused over 2 hours.
• Maximum dose limit:
• 7.5 g of Zavicefta Injection in one day (in patients with normal renal function)
• Missed dose instructions: 
• If the patient misses a Zavicefta Injection dose, generally, they can take the next scheduled dose at the clinical centre.
• Overdose instructions 
• In case of an overdose, they must immediately report to their medical care provider. If any unusual symptoms occur, emergency care is required.

Infections due to limited treatment options (multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections)

• Recommended dose:
• 2.5 g of Zavicefta Injection given via IV every 8 hours, infused over 2 hours.
• Maximum dose limit:
• 7.5 g of Zavicefta Injection in one day (in patients with normal renal function)
• Missed dose instructions: 
• If the patient misses a Zavicefta Injection dose, generally, they can take the next scheduled dose at the clinical centre.
• Overdose instructions 
• In case of an overdose, they must immediately report to their medical care provider. If any unusual symptoms occur, emergency care is required. Urgent medical evaluation required; manage symptomatically and consider hemodialysis.

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How does Zavicefta Injection Work?

Zavicefta is a combination product that contains the drug ceftazidime (third-generation cephalosporin) and avibactam (a new β-lactamase inhibitor), which is used to treat resistant bacterial infections.

Ceftazidime destroys the bacteria by binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are essential components of the bacterial cell wall, which provides structural support and protects cell integrity. Inhibiting these PBPs disrupts the synthesis and structural integrity of the cell wall. This creates osmotic instability of the bacterial cell and ultimately results in the death (lysis) of the bacterial cell.

However, these pathogenic bacteria produce certain enzymes called β-lactamases that can rapidly inactivate ceftazidime. β-lactamase production is one of the key mechanisms that makes the bacteria resistant to antibiotics. This mechanism is particularly prevalent in Gram-negative bacteria.

By combining these two drugs, Zavicefta Injection destroys the pathogenic bacteria, including the resistant bacteria.

What are the Side Effects of Zavicefta Injection?

Common side effects (More than 5%)

• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting
• Positive Coombs test (indicates antibodies affecting red blood cells, usually without symptoms)

Other common/mild side effects

• Rash
• Infusion site reactions (pain, redness, irritation)
• Fever
• Headache
• Dizziness

– > Gastrointestinal effects

• Severe or persistent diarrhea (including antibiotic-associated colitis)
• Abdominal discomfort

– > Neurological side effects

• Confusion
• Loss of coordination
• Seizures (in patients with kidney dysfunction or CNS disorders)

– > Allergic / hypersensitivity reactions

• Skin rash, itching, hives
• Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Severe allergic reactions in patients allergic to beta-lactam antibiotics

I– > nfections due to an imbalance

• Secondary infections (e.g., fungal infections like vaginal yeast infection)

Serious (rare but important)

• Clostridioides difficile–associated diarrhea 
• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
• Seizures or encephalopathy
• Severe skin reactions

What are the Precautions Zavicefta Injection?

• This drug must be used cautiously in patients with known allergy to cephalosporins, penicillins, or other β-lactam antibiotics.
• Prolonged use of Zavicefta Injection can lead to excess growth of non-susceptible pathogens, such as fungal infections or Clostridioides difficile–associated diarrhea.
• Patients must be regularly monitored for superinfection or treatment failure, especially after prolonged use of Zavicefta Injection.
• This medication must be administered cautiously to patients with renal and hepatic impairment.
• For pregnant and lactating women, Zavicefta Injection must be administered only when required.

Other Information

• Q. What are the uses of Zavicefta Injection?

Zavicefta Injection is used in the treatment of critical bacterial infections.

• Q. What type of bacterial infections are treated using Zavicefta Injection?

Zavicefta Injection mainly treats gram-negative bacteria, e.g., ESBL-producing E. coli, KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, MDR Pseudomonas, etc.

• Q. What are some serious side effects?

Patients must look out for side effects like seizures, severe allergy, and severe diarrhea.

• Q. How is Zavicefta Injection administered?

Zavicefta Injection is administered intravenously (IV).

• Q. Can Zavicefta Injection treat viral infections?

Zavicefta Injection is not indicated for viral infections.